The evolution of PCBs from large and antiquated “printed wiring boards” to today’s fine-line designs on high-density interconnect (HDI) PCBs, IC substrates (ICS) and more, has been matched by ...

Geopolitical tensions and pandemic-related disruptions have revealed deep vulnerabilities within the supply chain for manufacturers as well as the businesses and governments that rely on them. In ...

Learn how PCB laser marking, engraving, and etching work for small electronics makers. CO2 vs fiber, FR4 safety, and ...

What methods can be applied to verify PCB functionality and safety? Which are suitable for mass production and for prototypes? What parameters are checked in each test? How to check a PCB without ...

Software automation in PCB assembly. Advantages and disadvantages of software automation in PCB assembly. The PCB assembly (PCBA) process is becoming more complex with evolving market trends such as ...