A new review argues that AI-driven antiviral discovery must be benchmarked against respiratory RNA virus polymerases under ...

RNA polymerase II transcribes all protein-coding genes in eukaryotes, with its C-terminal domain (CTD) acting as a regulatory platform throughout the transcription cycle. Despite its simple sequence, ...

Life's instructions are written in DNA, but it is the enzyme RNA polymerase II (Pol II) that reads the script, transcribing RNA in eukaryotic cells and eventually giving rise to proteins. Scientists ...

Every living cell transcribes DNA into RNA. This process begins when an enzyme called RNA polymerase (RNAP) clamps onto DNA. Within a few hundred milliseconds, the DNA double helix unwinds to form a ...

The enzyme RNA polymerase II transcribes genes into messenger RNA. This process is guided by modifications to the enzyme's "tail" called phosphorylation patterns. Scientists at St. Jude Children's ...

Single-nucleotide mutation maps and simulations indicate that mutation bias and GC-biased gene conversion largely shape nucleotide composition near human transcription start sites.

We’re celebrating 180 years of Scientific American. Explore our legacy of discovery and look ahead to the future. In 1957, just four years after Francis Crick and other scientists solved the riddle of ...