It’s little secret that stepper motors are everywhere in FDM 3D printers, but there’s no real reason why you cannot take another type of DC motor like a brushless DC (BLDC) motor and use that instead.

Robots are cool, so check out [Atlin Anderson]’s Spiderbot (video, embedded below) which can be made with 3D printed parts, hobby servos, and ESP32-CAM module for control and a first-person view.

Abstract: In this article, to improve the speed control performance of PMSM direct-drive servo systems under low-speed operation, a composite control strategy based on rotor position tracking control ...

Abstract: Precise and efficient control of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) is critical for many industrial and transportation applications, particularly in electric vehicle drives. Recent ...