Deep learning has revolutionised object detection by enabling end-to-end trainable systems that learn both feature representation and localisation. Early two-stage detectors extracted region proposals ...

Deep learning has transformed agricultural object detection by enabling automated, high-throughput analysis of imagery from drones, tractors and fixed cameras. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) ...

Artificial intelligence (AI) has become a foundational technology in the development of autonomous vehicles (Garikapati Shetiya, 2024), enabling these systems to perceive their environment, make ...

However, not all innovations are equal and nor do they follow a constant upward trend. Instead, their evolution takes the form of an S-shaped curve that reflects their typical lifecycle from early ...